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Military–Society Relations During Operation Rising Lion

Idit Shafran Gittleman, Anat Shapira, Yarden Assraf, Dana Karniely

INSS Insight No. 2011, July 30, 2025

Operation Rising Lion—launched amid a prolonged war in the Gaza Strip—was accompanied by broad public consensus and a sharp rise in trust indices toward the IDF. However, an analysis of public discourse and opinion polls conducted during the operation shows that this success did not erase deep social tensions and, in some cases, even exacerbated them. The gap between the Air Force and the Ground Forces deepened, further highlighting the narrative of the “upper and lower IDF.” The operation also renewed the glorification of the...
Media type: INSS Insight | Topics: Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
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The Importance of a Communication Strategy—The IDF During Operation Rising Lion

Yarden Assraf, Idit Shafran Gittleman, Anat Shapira, Dana Karniely

INSS Insight No. 2013, July 13, 2025

Upon assuming office, Chief of Staff Eyal Zamir declared that restoring public trust in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) is a “binding mission.” However, an analysis of the IDF’s communication strategy during Operation Rising Lion reveals that both the IDF and the political echelon sought to restore public trust in the IDF’s superiority. This effort aimed to reinforce the same sense of absolute advantage and false immunity that had permeated the public, the political echelon, and the military echelon before October 7, 2023. This...
Media type: INSS Insight | Topics: Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
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Iran’s Involvement in the International Terrorism Arena

Yoram Schweitzer, Anat Shapira

Memorandum 244, July 2025

Over the past five years, Iran’s activity in the arena of international terrorism has significantly intensified, spreading across vast geographic regions and incorporating criminal organizations in the execution of terrorist operations. Although most Iranian terrorism attempts have been thwarted, there is no guarantee that this success will persist in the future. It is therefore necessary to examine the characteristics of Iran’s use of terrorism in order to improve the chances of countering it. This memorandum examines...
Media type: Memoranda | Topics: Iran, Iran: The International Arena, Iran: The Regional Arena, Terrorism and Low Intensity Conflict
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The State of National Resilience—Operation Rising Lion

Anat Shapira

INSS Insight No. 2004, July 6, 2025

Operation Rising Lion took place during a challenging time for Israeli national resilience. The combination of a prolonged, multi-front military campaign and deep societal polarization—fueled by the politicization of various aspects and phenomena related to the ongoing war—significantly eroded resilience. An examination of factors known to shape resilience revealed a marked decline, particularly in the areas of trust, social solidarity, optimism, and hope. In contrast, there was a notable improvement in the area of functional...
Media type: INSS Insight | Topics: Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
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Rising Lion Survey

Mora Deitch, Idit Shafran Gittleman, Abir Gitlin , Nitsan Prayzler, Anat Shapira

Survey, June 24, 2025

Since the outbreak of the Swords of Iron war, the Institute for National Security Studies (INSS) has been regularly conducting public opinion surveys aimed at examining public attitudes toward key national security issues, as well as national resilience and public trust.[1] Click here to view the trends among the Jewish public  | Click here to view the trends among the Arab public Following the first survey conducted by the Data Analytics Center after the launch of Operation Rising Lion against Iran’s nuclear and military...
Media type: Database | Topics: Data Analytics Center, Swords of Iron War, Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society, The Israel-Iran War
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The Israeli Public and the Campaign Against Iran: Survey Results - June 2025

Mora Deitch, Idit Shafran Gittleman, Anat Shapira, Abir Gitlin , Nitsan Prayzler

Survey, June 22, 2025

Since the outbreak of the war in Gaza, the Institute for National Security Studies has been regularly conducting public opinion surveys to assess attitudes toward key national security issues, national resilience, and public trust.[1] Click here to download the complete survey data |  Click here to view the trends among the Jewish public  | Click here to view the trends among the Arab public Key Findings: A noticeable rise in public trust across both defense and political institutions has been observed since the launch of the...
Media type: Database | Topics: Data Analytics Center, Swords of Iron War, Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society, The Israel-Iran War
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Swords of Iron Survey Results - May 2025

Mora Deitch, Idit Shafran Gittleman, Abir Gitlin , Rebecca Meller, Anat Shapira

Survey, June 5, 2025

Since the outbreak of the war in Gaza, the Institute for National Security Studies has been regularly conducting public opinion surveys to assess attitudes toward key national security issues, national resilience, and public trust.[1] Click here to download the complete survey data |  To the survey results in Arabic - نتائج الاستطلاع باللغة العربية | Click here to view the trends among the Jewish public  | Click here to view the trends among the Arab public Trust in Persons and Institutions Key Findings: 75.5%...
Media type: Database | Topics: Data Analytics Center, Swords of Iron War, Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
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The Reality That Will Enable the Return of Northern Residents

Yarden Assraf, Anat Shapira, Ofer Shelah, Idit Shafran Gittleman

INSS Insight No. 1952, March 4, 2025

On March 1, 2025, residents of northern Israel were expected to return to their homes. However, they have also been exposed daily to reports of mutual violations of the ceasefire agreement, both by Israel and Hezbollah, as well as the return of South Lebanon residents to their homes—some even carrying Hezbollah flags and pictures of Nasrallah. Residents with children found the return date problematic, as it required transferring their children to a different educational framework mid-year. Additionally, the return date marked the...
Media type: INSS Insight | Topics: Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
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Swords of Iron Survey Results - December 2024

Mora Deitch, Idit Shafran Gittleman, Rebecca Meller, Anat Shapira, Abir Gitlin

Survey, January 6, 2025

Since the outbreak of the Swords of Iron War, the Institute for National Security Studies regularly conducts public opinion surveys[1] to examine trends in national resilience and public trust. Click here to download the complete survey data | Click here to view the trends among the Jewish public  | Click here to view the trends among the Arab public   Confidence in Leaders and Institutions Key Findings: The percentage of those expressing great confidence in the IDF (74.5% in the Israeli...
Media type: Database | Topics: Data Analytics Center, Swords of Iron War, Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
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Swords of Iron Survey Results - November 2024

Mora Deitch, Idit Shafran Gittleman, Rebecca Meller, Anat Shapira, Abir Gitlin

Survey, November 3, 2024

Since the Swords of Iron war outbreak, the Institute for National Security Studies regularly conducts public opinion surveys[1] to examine national resilience and public trust trends. Click here to read the key findings Click here to download the complete survey data Click here to view the trends among the Jewish public  Click here to view the trends among the Arab public Below are the key findings in a graphic format:  ________________________ [1] The latest Swords of Iron...
Media type: Database | Topics: Data Analytics Center, Swords of Iron War, Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
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Swords of Iron Survey Results - October 2024

Mora Deitch, Rebecca Meller, Idit Shafran Gittleman, Anat Shapira

Survey, November 3, 2024

Since the Swords of Iron war outbreak, the Institute for National Security Studies regularly conducts public opinion surveys[1] to examine national resilience and public trust trends. Click here to download the complete survey data  ________________________ [1] The latest Swords of Iron survey was conducted between October 10-13, 2024, under the Data Analytics Center at the Institute for National Security Studies. The fieldwork was carried out by the "iPanel" Institute, interviewing 805 men and women online in Hebrew and...
Media type: Database | Topics: Data Analytics Center, Swords of Iron War, Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
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Swords of Iron Survey Results – September 2024, Part B: Following the Events in the Northern Arena

Mora Deitch, Rebecca Meller, Idit Shafran Gittleman, Anat Shapira

Survey, October 1, 2024

Since the Swords of Iron war outbreak, the Institute for National Security Studies regularly conducts public opinion surveys[1] to examine national resilience and public trust trends. This time, we conducted a quick survey following the events in the Northern Arena.    ________________________ [1] The latest Swords of Iron survey was conducted between September 29–30, 2024, by the Data Analytics Center at the Institute for National Security Studies. The fieldwork was carried out by the “iPanel” Institute, which...
Media type: Database | Topics: Data Analytics Center, Swords of Iron War
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  • Research

    • Topics
      • Israel and the Global Powers
      • Israel-United States Relations
      • Glazer Israel-China Policy Center
      • Russia
      • Europe
      • Iran and the Shi'ite Axis
      • Iran
      • The Israel–Iran War
      • Lebanon and Hezbollah
      • Syria
      • Yemen and the Houthi Movement
      • Iraq and the Iraqi Shiite Militias
      • Conflict to Agreements
      • Israeli-Palestinian Relations
      • Hamas and the Gaza Strip
      • Peace Agreements and Normalization in the Middle East
      • Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States
      • Turkey
      • Egypt
      • Jordan
      • Israel’s National Security Policy
      • Military and Strategic Affairs
      • Societal Resilience and the Israeli Society
      • Jewish-Arab Relations in Israel
      • Climate, Infrastructure and Energy
      • Terrorism and Low Intensity Conflict
      • Cross-Arena Research
      • Data Analytics Center
      • Law and National Security
      • Advanced Technologies and National Security
      • Cognitive Warfare
      • Economics and National Security
    • Projects
      • Preventing the Slide into a One-State Reality
      • Contemporary Antisemitism in the United States
      • Perceptions about Jews and Israel in the Arab-Muslim World and Their Impact on the West
  • Publications

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