Publications

european countries facing the challenge of foreign influence on democracy—comparative research. attempts by countries to influence other countries constitute a security challenge and a threat to democracy. european countries have identified this challenge as a threat to national security and are dealing with it through government actions, civilian activity, and cooperation between countries, reflecting different approaches and proposed solutions to the problem. this article seeks to examine the various methods that the major european countries are using to cope with this challenge and to assess the differences between them by means of their political culture. in addition, this article shows the differences resulting from the strength and type of threat. thus, it will be possible to speculate about the possibilities and the limits of implementing different coping approaches according to their political-cultural character and whether these approaches can be applied in other countries, including israel.