Publications

Digital sovereignty has, in recent years, become one of the central components of national power, economic resilience, and security. Artificial intelligence, cloud computing, data, and capital-intensive computing infrastructure constitute foundational elements for governmental, military, and economic activity. Accordingly, control over digital infrastructure is not merely a technological or economic issue but a strategic concern of the highest order. Israel, as a powerhouse of technological innovation, currently finds itself in a paradox. It is a leader in the development of advanced technologies and benefits from a highly developed technological ecosystem. At the same time, it is increasingly dependent on digital infrastructures controlled by foreign actors, including global cloud providers, semiconductor supply chains, and a regulatory framework that is not always aligned with the scale of investment, the risks involved, and the unique characteristics of strategic digital infrastructure. This situation presents Israel with a strategic challenge: how to preserve openness and innovation while ensuring control, resilience, and sovereignty over critical digital assets. This paper aims to present a conceptual framework for digital sovereignty, to identify principal policy challenges, and to propose an infrastructural and regulatory agenda for integrated implementation that balances public, economic, and security interests.  

What are the opportunities, risks, and challenges involved in establishing data centers—intended, in part, for AI applications—within the sea?

The laser is an auxiliary tool on the modern battlefield, used either as a weapon—such as a high-power laser—or as a supporting means, such as a target designator or range finder. One of the most prominent uses of lasers is as a type of sensor, or a kind of sensitive radar, for detecting stationary or moving objects and for highly accurate area mapping, in a system known as LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging).